When you picture NASA, you might see powerful rockets thundering into the sky or astronauts floating in the weightlessness of space. But there’s a quieter, pervasive impact that NASA leaves right here on Earth, and it’s not measured in miles traveled but in dollars and jobs. In 2023, NASA managed to channel an impressive $75.6 billion into the U.S. economy.

That’s three times the agency’s own budget, a remarkable return on investment that highlights NASA’s growing role not only as an explorer of the cosmos but as a driver of American economic strength.

“To invest in NASA is to invest in American workers, American innovation, the American economy, and American economic competitiveness,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson.

The economic impact of space activities on Earth

NASA’s Moon to Mars initiative, including its Artemis program, played a leading role in the agency’s economic contribution. This program alone generated $23.8 billion, supporting nearly 100,000 jobs across the country. According to the report, the initiative yielded $2.9 billion in tax revenue, making up nearly one-third of NASA’s total economic impact.

NASA’s Artemis program is a series of missions aiming to return humans to the Moon. Each Artemis launch supports a complex network of manufacturers, technology providers, and research institutions. This ecosystem fuels not just economic output but also technical innovations that could someday reach beyond the space sector and into daily life, further adding to the positive loop of NASA’s economic activity.

Climate Research and Technology Development

The report highlights that NASA’s economic impact extends well beyond the stars. Investments in climate research and technology contributed $7.9 billion to the economy and supported around 33,000 jobs. Further, the agency’s climate initiatives generated over $1 billion in tax revenue, accounting for about 11% of NASA’s economic impact. These efforts reflect a growing focus on Earth sciences within NASA, underscoring the agency’s dual mission of exploring space while safeguarding the home planet.

NASA’s climate research drives innovations with practical applications on Earth. From satellite data that improve weather forecasting to technologies that enhance agricultural efficiency, the agency’s contributions offer tools that directly improve daily life and help drive the economy.

NASA’s influence is felt across the U.S., with the report showing that 45 states benefited from at least $10 million in economic impact, and eight states saw contributions surpass $1 billion. This nationwide reach stems from a combination of local contracts, research partnerships, and tech development initiatives spread across countless manufacturers across multiple states.

Beyond dollars and jobs, many NASA projects are innovation incubators where new technologies are first tested before they reach our homes, workplaces, and hospitals. In 2023, NASA’s tech transfer activities led to 1,564 new technology reports and 69 patents. Some household items that began as NASA innovations include memory foam mattresses, scratch-resistant lenses in glasses, water filtration systems that purify drinking water worldwide, and even portable computers — just to name a few.

As the agency looks ahead to new frontiers, with its next Artemis launch on the horizon and Mars exploration inching closer, it does so with an awareness of its impact at home. “Our work doesn’t just expand our understanding of the universe — it fuels economic growth, inspires future generations, and improves our quality of life,” says Nelson.

You can read the full report on NASA here.