homehome Home chatchat Notifications


Tiny hairs on bats' wings act like airflow sensors - is this why they're such great flyers?

Apart from echolocation, bats have another ace up their sleeve that makes them formidable flying animals: tiny hairs that sense airflow and transmit this information to key areas of the brain. Here the info is decoded and used to steer the bats' flight for pinpoint accuracy. In combination with echolocation, this makes bats awesome hunters even in pitch black darkness.

Tibi Puiu
May 4, 2015 @ 8:17 am

share Share

Apart from echolocation, bats have another ace up their sleeve that makes them formidable flying animals: tiny hairs that sense airflow and transmit this information to key areas of the brain. Here the info is decoded and used to steer the bats’ flight for pinpoint accuracy. In combination with echolocation, this makes bats awesome hunters even in pitch black darkness.

Birds are great flyers, but few can rival the tenacious bat which hunts the tiniest prays: insects.  Image: PIXGOOD

Birds are great flyers, but few can rival the tenacious bat which hunts the tiniest pray: insects. Image: PIXGOOD

Neuroscientist Cynthia F. Moss of Johns Hopkins University and her colleagues first applied a depilatory cream to bat wings. The cream was applied briefly, then cleaned off, but it was enough to remove the microscopic hairs that cover the membrane on the bat’s wings. Experiments showed that the bats could still fly in a dark room, thanks to their echolocation, but not nearly as accurate. Their turns were much wider and the subtle precision of their mid-air dives was clearly affected.

Next, Moss strapped brain activity measurement devices to the heads of shorn and non-shorn North America’s big brown bats. The researchers applied puffs of air to their wings, while registering activity in the somatosensory cortex, where things like touch and pain are handled. The bats with missing hair showed no response, while non-shorn bats lit up in the respective region. In addition, the researchers discovered a large number of sensory cells called Merkel cells, which were shown to be associated with these micro hairs. Moss believes these cells transmit information about hair movement, but also during dexterous displays of flight like when clenching a prey or hitting the break mid-air.

The discovery of their hairs also raises a lot of important evolutionary questions. Bats are the only mammals capable of genuine self-powered flight. Other mammals, like so-called flying squirrels, can only glide. But it’s very likely that bat ancestors started out this way as well, gliding from tree to tree until it membranes developed flight capabilities. Over the years, the ability to execute fine maneuvers necessary to catch their favorite prey (insects) likely caused the bats to develop these highly valuable sensory hairs. When this happened is difficult to assess, however. Findings were published in Cell Reports.

“These findings can inform more broadly how organisms use touch to guide movement,” Moss said.

Just last week, ZME Science reported the discovery of a new peculiar dinosaur species called Yi Qi. The dinosaur had bat-like wings, but was covered both in feathers and hair. Whether it could fly or not is very disputed, but it definitely glided, as evidenced by it’s huge membrane that covered its upper limbs. Perhaps, Yi Qi might answer many evolutionary riddles currently surrounding bat flight.

share Share

Archaeologists Find Neanderthal Stone Tool Technology in China

A surprising cache of stone tools unearthed in China closely resembles Neanderthal tech from Ice Age Europe.

A Software Engineer Created a PDF Bigger Than the Universe and Yes It's Real

Forget country-sized PDFs — someone just made one bigger than the universe.

The World's Tiniest Pacemaker is Smaller Than a Grain of Rice. It's Injected with a Syringe and Works using Light

This new pacemaker is so small doctors could inject it directly into your heart.

Scientists Just Made Cement 17x Tougher — By Looking at Seashells

Cement is a carbon monster — but scientists are taking a cue from seashells to make it tougher, safer, and greener.

Three Secret Russian Satellites Moved Strangely in Orbit and Then Dropped an Unidentified Object

We may be witnessing a glimpse into space warfare.

Researchers Say They’ve Solved One of the Most Annoying Flaws in AI Art

A new method that could finally fix the bizarre distortions in AI-generated images when they're anything but square.

The small town in Germany where both the car and the bicycle were invented

In the quiet German town of Mannheim, two radical inventions—the bicycle and the automobile—took their first wobbly rides and forever changed how the world moves.

Scientists Created a Chymeric Mouse Using Billion-Year-Old Genes That Predate Animals

A mouse was born using prehistoric genes and the results could transform regenerative medicine.

Americans Will Spend 6.5 Billion Hours on Filing Taxes This Year and It’s Costing Them Big

The hidden cost of filing taxes is worse than you think.

Underwater Tool Use: These Rainbow-Colored Fish Smash Shells With Rocks

Wrasse fish crack open shells with rocks in behavior once thought exclusive to mammals and birds.