homehome Home chatchat Notifications


Puffins are now using tools -- and it's making them feel much better

A small tool for a puffin, a large tool for puffinkind.

Mihai Andrei
January 6, 2020 @ 9:31 pm

share Share

Not only are puffins using tools, but the behavior is probably widespread.

More than just a pretty face: puffins were spotted using simple tools to scratch. Image credits: Richard Bartz.

As if puffins weren’t awesome enough, we can now add puffins to a select group of creatures: tool users. Specifically, puffins were spotted picking up sticks and using them to scratch their backs. It might not seem like much, but it suggests that puffins’ cognitive abilities are far more impressive than we gave them credit for.

It’s not the first time puffins would exhibit surprising qualities.

You wouldn’t think the puffin as much of a flier if you’d look at one. It’s not just the overall funky look: puffins have rounded bodies which don’t exactly scream ‘aerodynamic’ — nothing like the sleek shape boasted by many seabirds. But puffins can fly for hundreds of kilometers at a speed of up to 55 mph (88 km / h), beating their wings 400 times a minute. They also have an amazing ability to find their way home across thousands of miles and reunite with their mate.

In addition to their physical qualities, they now have the mental abilities to boast.

Researchers observed two puffins from separate colonies using wooden sticks to scratch their bodies. This is big news not just for puffins, but for seabirds in general, who were “previously thought to lack the ability, need, or opportunity to use tools,” researchers note. Sea-dwelling birds can now safely be added to the group capable of “body-care-related tool use.” Here’s one of the videos:

The two puffins spotted scratching themselves with tools were a part of different colonies: one was in Wales and the other one was in Iceland, over a thousand miles apart. This is either one big coincidence or, more likely, an indication that this behavior is widespread.

It’s also significant, researchers add, that puffins use tools for something else other than extracting food — one of the most common reasons why animals start to use tools. The fact that they use sticks for scratching, a rather low-importance (but oh-so-pleasant) task is quite remarkable.

It’s also notable that this is “true” tool usage — the object is detached from the substrate, as opposed to “borderline” tool usage, where the tool remains part of the substrate.

So far, the list of creatures capable of using tools is surprisingly short, and the list of creatures using tools for such trivial purposes is even shorter. This means some high praise for puffins is in order, but researchers also say that there’s a good chance many other species are using tools, but we just haven’t seen them yet.

The study has been published in PNAS.

share Share

How Hot is the Moon? A New NASA Mission is About to Find Out

Understanding how heat moves through the lunar regolith can help scientists understand how the Moon's interior formed.

For better or worse, machine learning is shaping biology research

Machine learning tools can increase the pace of biology research and open the door to new research questions, but the benefits don’t come without risks.

Sixty Years Ago, We Nearly Wiped Out Bed Bugs. Then, They Started Changing

Driven to the brink of extinction, bed bugs adapted—and now pesticides are almost useless against them.

America’s Favorite Christmas Cookies in 2024: A State-by-State Map

Christmas cookie preferences are anything but predictable.

The 2,500-Year-Old Gut Remedy That Science Just Rediscovered

A forgotten ancient clay called Lemnian Earth, combined with a fungus, shows powerful antibacterial effects and promotes gut health in mice.

Should we treat Mars as a space archaeology museum? This researcher believes so

Mars isn’t just a cold, barren rock. Anthropologists argue that the tracks of rovers and broken probes are archaeological treasures.

These "Ants" Use Ultrablack to Warn Predators — and Stay Cool

Velvet ants, actually flightless wasps, boast an ultrablack exoskeleton thanks to dense nanostructures.

Hidden for Centuries, the World’s Largest Coral Colony Was Mistaken for a Shipwreck

This massive coral oasis offers a rare glimmer of hope.

This Supermassive Black Hole Shot Out a Jet of Energy Unlike Anything We've Seen Before

A gamma-ray flare from a black hole 6.5 billion times the Sun’s mass leaves scientists stunned.

Scientists Say Antimatter Rockets Could Get Us to the Stars Within a Lifetime — Here’s the Catch

The most explosive fuel in the universe could power humanity’s first starship.