homehome Home chatchat Notifications


A brain region that was assumed to house consciousness turns out to just be the brain's router

It's still an important job, though!

Alexandru Micu
November 16, 2022 @ 1:58 pm

share Share

New research proposes that the claustrum, an area in our brains that has been proposed to be the ‘seat of consciousness’, instead acts as a router, sitting at the center of the brain’s communication network.

The location of the claustrum, image from an unrelated research paper. Image credits Kelly L. L. Wong, Aditya Nair, George J. Augustine, (May 2021), Frontiers in Neural Circuits.

Back in 2005, the legendary scientist Francis Crick, the researcher that discovered DNA, first proposed that the claustrum is the region of the brain that handles our awareness of ourselves and the world around us — in short, that it is the seat of consciousness. But new research at the University of Maryland School of Medicine says this isn’t really the case.

According to their findings, the claustrum behaves more like a high-speed internet router. It takes executive commands from certain areas of the cortex, the ones which form complex thoughts, and uses these to generate complex ‘networks’ throughout the brain. It then coordinates these networks to ensure that different parts of the cortex can work together to quickly accomplish complex, demanding cognitive tasks in day-to-day life.

Bringing it all together

“The brain is the most complex system in the known universe. It is these data-driven theoretical advances that propel our knowledge forward toward harnessing that complexity for improving human life,” said Brian Mathur, PhD, Associate Professor of Pharmacology at UMSOM and corresponding author of the paper. “As the most highly connected structure in the brain, the claustrum is a window into the enigma of the brain, the mind.”

Understanding how the brain forms and handles functional networks, and how the claustrum fits inside these processes, would go a long way toward helping patients with disorders from addiction to schizophrenia. These disorders are characterized by disorganized brain networks, which produce the outward effects of these disorders.

For the study, the team conducted a series of experiments using both model animals and human participants. Among these, one focused on turning off the claustrum in conscious lab mice. The animals didn’t lose consciousness and continued to walk around normally. This was the first hint that the claustrum wasn’t involved in the handling of consciousness, as inactivation of its function in the earlier experiments did not lead to a loss of consciousness.

Next, the mice were given a simple and a difficult cognitive task, and compared how they responded to either when their claustrum was turned off. While control mice could successfully perform both tasks, the experimental mice were not able to complete the difficult tasks.

Building on this morsel of information, the team organized a study involving human participants. They were asked to engage in a series of either simple or complicated mental tasks while their brains were monitored using functional MRI. While performing a difficult task, the participants’ claustrum would show a high degree of activity — but it would remain almost unactivated during simple tasks.

Furthermore, the activation of the claustrum coincided with the activation of a network in the cortex that previous research has shown is involved in optimal cognitive performance.

For now, the data strongly suggests that the claustrum performs a networking function, coordinating the activity of different areas of the brain while they are working together to accomplish demanding tasks. It also shows that the hypothesis of the claustrum as the seat of consciousness isn’t supported by real-life data.

Going forward, the authors plan to continue studying how the claustrum manages this networking function, and how it adapts to changing demands in order to best support high-level cognition.

The paper “A role for the claustrum in cognitive control” has been published in the journal Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

share Share

Could This Saliva Test Catch Deadly Prostate Cancer Early?

Researchers say new genetic test detects aggressive cancers that PSA and MRIs often miss

This Tree Survives Lightning Strikes—and Uses Them to Kill Its Rivals

This rainforest giant thrives when its rivals burn

Engineers Made a Hologram You Can Actually Touch and It Feels Unreal

Users can grasp and manipulate 3D graphics in mid-air.

Musk's DOGE Fires Federal Office That Regulates Tesla's Self-Driving Cars

Mass firings hit regulators overseeing self-driving cars. How convenient.

A Rare 'Micromoon' Is Rising This Weekend and Most People Won’t Notice

Watch out for this weekend's full moon that's a little dimmer, a little smaller — and steeped in seasonal lore.

Climate Change Could Slash Personal Wealth by 40%, New Research Warns

Global warming’s economic toll may be nearly four times worse than once believed

Kawasaki Unveils a Rideable Robot Horse That Runs on Hydrogen and Moves Like an Animal

Four-legged robot rides into the hydrogen-powered future, one gallop at a time.

Evolution just keeps creating the same deep-ocean mutation

Creatures at the bottom of the ocean evolve the same mutation — and carry the scars of human pollution

Scientists Found a 380-Million-Year-Old Trick in Velvet Worm Slime That Could Lead To Recyclable Bioplastic

Velvet worm slime could offer a solution to our plastic waste problem.

Beetles Conquered Earth by Evolving a Tiny Chemical Factory

There are around 66,000 species of rove beetles and one researcher proposes it's because of one special gland.